overspeed governor

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Conventional elevator safety equipment includes an overspeed governor for restricting elevator car movement when a predetermined speed is exceeded. Overspeed governors include a switch that opens when the elevator reaches a predetermined velocity such as 110% of rated speed ^[3]. When the switch opens, power is removed from the machine motor and brake. A braking mechanism, actuated in response to movement of the elevator car by motion transmission means, then impedes the motion of the elevator car. The switch remains open, and the elevator remains inoperable until the switch is manually reset.

Typical governor designs include a sheave coupled to a rope attached to the elevator car. The sheave moves in response to rope movement in tandem with the movement of the elevator car. The sheave drives a shaft or spindle coupled to an actuation mechanism. The actuation mechanism may be a set of flyballs or flyweights adapted to extend radially when a predetermined level of centrifugal force is applied to them. Radial extension of the flyballs or flyweights causes them to contact an overspeed switch. When the overspeed switch is actuated, the power to the motor and motor brake is cut, thereby causing the motor brake to apply a braking force on the motor shaft. If the elevator car continues to increase in speed, a tripping assembly is triggered by the flyweights. The tripping assembly actuates a mechanism to stop the governor rope. Braking of the governor rope causes the safeties to be engaged and thereby stop the car.